A basic income scheme has the potential to save the NHS tens of billions of pounds by reducing poverty and improving the nation's mental and physical health, according to new research involving academics at the University of York.
A basic income scheme has the potential to save the NHS tens of billions of pounds
A basic income is a regular and unconditional cash payment to all individuals designed to reduce poverty, enhance economic security and improve overall well-being.
Collaboration
Researchers at the universities of Northumbria, York, Bath and Strathclyde, in collaboration with think tanks Compass and Autonomy, have looked at what the knock-on effects of providing a basic income would be for the economy and public health.
In their report called Treating causes not symptoms: Basic Income as a public health measure they reveal that even a more 'modest' basic income scheme (£75 a week, £3,900 a year) could have the following positive effects:
Economic impact:
- Reduce child poverty to the lowest level since comparable records began in 1961 and achieve more at significantly less cost than the anti-poverty interventions of the New Labour governments.
- Child and pensioner poverty down by at least 60% each
- Working age poverty down by between 29% and 75% depending on the scheme
- Inequality down 55% to the lowest in the world under the most ambitious scheme
Public health impact:
- Between 125,000 and 1 million cases of depressive disorders could be prevented or postponed.
- Between 120,000 and 1.04 million cases of clinically significant physical health symptoms could be prevented or postponed.
- Between 130,000 and 655,000 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) could be gained, valued at between £3.9 billion and £19.7 billion.
- Based on depressive disorders alone, NHS and personal social services cost savings in 2023 of between £125 million and £1.03 billion assuming 50% of cases diagnosed and treated.
Policy failure
Kate Pickett, from the Department of Health Sciences at the University of York, and the author of The Spirit Level, said: "Given decades of policy failure, it should be clear that people in local communities affected by poverty, insecurity and lack of opportunity are the authoritative voice on what they need to enhance their health and wellbeing.
"We need to listen to their expressed needs and lived experience and create policies that support them to flourish."
Inequality
The research, funded by the National Institute for Health and Social Care Research (NIHR), used a range of economic and health modelling, public opinion surveys and community consultation to present cutting-edge evidence on the impact of Basic Income schemes.
According to new polling, the report also found that the British public prefers a more generous Basic Income scheme that significantly reduces poverty and inequality and improves physical and mental health. They want to fund those schemes through new wealth and carbon taxes and increased corporation taxes, but also view small increases in income tax as tolerable.
Clear pathways
Matthew Johnson, from Northumbria University, and the project lead, said: "The findings of this report are clear: there is no obvious alternative to Basic Income that has the same multipurpose impact across society.
"These first indications of public health impact are debate shifting, while evidence on British public opinion present clear pathways to funding through wealth, carbon and corporation tax increases.
"This should encourage administrations, such as in Wales and Greater Manchester, which have expressed support for policies like this."
Mental health
Dr Jonathan Coates, a GP in Newcastle upon Tyne and NIHR In-Practice Fellow, Durham University, said: "As a GP, I increasingly find that my patients are in financially precarious positions, regardless of whether they are in work or on benefits, and this has a clear impact on their physical and mental health.
"Basic Income represents an opportunity to follow in the footsteps of previous bold interventions to address the causes, not the symptoms, of illness."
The report
The report, a full copy of which can be found here, was officially launched at an event held at Northumbria University's City Campus East in Newcastle upon Tyne on Thursday 13 July. Full event details can be found here.
It follows proposals from the research team to pilot a Basic Income in two communities – Jarrow and East Finchley – which attracted significant media interest.
