In a recent breakthrough, researchers have introduced a game-changing technology in the field of concrete manufacturing. A paper published in Engineering details the development and potential of compression-cast concrete (CCC), which could reshape the future of construction.
Concrete production is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, with the construction industry accounting for a significant portion. The new compression-casting technology offers a solution by improving the properties of concrete without relying on chemical additives or mineral admixtures. This method is not only suitable for traditional aggregates but also for secondary or waste materials, promoting sustainable construction.
The study presents extensive research on CCC, including its material properties and structural behavior. Experiments have shown that CCC exhibits superior mechanical properties, with compressive strength and elastic modulus significantly higher than normal concrete (NC). Microstructural analysis reveals a denser matrix and reduced porosity, contributing to enhanced durability. CCC also demonstrates better resistance to carbonation, freeze-thaw cycles, chloride penetration, and water absorption.
One of the key advantages of CCC is its ability to reduce cement usage while maintaining or even improving concrete quality. This leads to a substantial reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, aligning with global efforts towards carbon neutrality. Technology also enables the large-scale recycling of solid waste in concrete, such as recycled aggregates and rubber, without compromising performance.
However, the increased brittleness of CCC compared to NC poses a challenge. The researchers addressed this issue by proposing methods such as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)/steel confinement, adding steel fibers, and increasing compression reinforcement. These measures have been shown to effectively improve the ductility of CCC structures.
The compression-casting process requires a sturdy mold and is more suitable for mass production of precast concrete elements. Although it is more complex than traditional casting, it offers faster production times and potentially lower costs in the long run.
The paper "Green Compression-Cast Concrete Material and Its Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-Reinforced Concrete Structures," authored by Yu-Fei Wu, Fang Yuan, Biao Hu. Full text of the open access paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2024.10.005
