Quantum science and technology is a key research area of 21st century, and may lead to revolutionary advancement in material science and information technology. Over the past decades, quantum information science and technology have witnessed huge achievements, but a continuous effort is still in great demand to move forward the scientific research frontier and develop disruptive applications. Zhejiang University has organized an interdisciplinary discussion and summarized ten key scientific/technological problems in the quest of"Quantum Computing and Sensing".
1. Is a practical quantum computer superior to the classical counterpart realizable?
Quantum computation can achieve quantum speedupover the classical counterpart by harnessing quantum algorithms to solve important problems such as large number factorization. Quantum computing prototypes are expected to integrate hundreds of qubits, which can be first used in quantum simulation, and will have a profound impact on the fields of biopharmaceutics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, etc. However, the research and development of a quantum computer and its underlying hardware involve many complex technological problems in the process of quantum and classical interfacing, such as quantum entanglement, quantum error correction and quantum measurement, which still face great challenges.
2. What is the limit of the decoherence time of solid-state qubits?
Largescale quantum computation and quantum simulation need the integration of many qubits with long coherence time. Improving the coherence of solid-state qubits and approaching the limit of the coherence time will be the key scientific and technological problems of engineering the quantum computer. It needs a better understanding of the mechanism of various kinds of noise and effective methods to increase the coherence time of qubits.
3.How to avoid quantum disturbance?
