Researchers at Hainan University have developed a novel protein named LSUBP, specifically designed with twin uranyl-binding sites to significantly enhance uranium extraction from seawater. Compared to previously developed adsorption-based materials, LSUBP demonstrates markedly improved adsorption capacity.
Uranium is essential for the nuclear energy industry, yet terrestrial resources are limited. In contrast, seawater holds approximately 4.5 billion tons of uranium, providing a nearly inexhaustible resource. Despite its abundance, extracting uranium from seawater remains challenging due to its extremely low concentration and competition from other dissolved metal ions.
In this study, the researchers employed targeted mutations in the protein structure, introducing a twin uranyl-binding site while maintaining structural stability. Structural analysis confirmed that these strategic modifications did not significantly alter the protein's original conformation.
To test the practical application of this engineered protein, the researchers fabricated cross-linked hydrogel fibers containing the LSUBP protein. These fibers showed remarkable durability and reusability, critical factors for practical seawater extraction technologies. Experimental tests demonstrated that the cross-linked LSUBP fibers achieved uranium adsorption capacity of 25.60 mg g−1 in natural seawater, which represents a significant breakthrough in uranium extraction from seawater.
Molecular docking studies further confirmed that the two engineered uranyl-binding sites actively contribute to the high adsorption capacity observed, clearly demonstrating the effectiveness of the newly designed structure.
This innovative approach not only presents a promising new material for effective uranium extraction from seawater but also offers valuable insights for developing advanced adsorption materials targeting other important metal ions.
"Numerous proteins naturally rich in α-helical structures could serve as ideal platforms for engineering multiple uranyl-binding sites. By applying the genetic engineering strategy, we can rationally design additional specific binding sites, significantly enhancing the uranium extraction capabilities of protein-based adsorbents from seawater." Ning Wang said.
