Participants from 21 countries in central and eastern Europe and central Asia and the Balkans met in December 2021 in Istanbul, Turkey, for the International Health Sustainability Forum: HIV and COVID-19 in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
The participants discussed the most efficient means to ensure the sustainability of AIDS programmes and the role of community organizations in providing uninterrupted HIV services during the COVID-19 pandemic in the region.
The results of a three-year project implemented by the Alliance for Public Health in a consortium with 100% Life (formerly the All-Ukrainian Network of People Living with HIV), the Central Asian Association of People Living with HIV and the Eurasian Key Populations Coalition, with the participation of a wide range of partners, were also presented and reviewed. The project was funded by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) and was supported by UNAIDS.
Addressing the forum, Peter Sands, the Executive Director of the Global Fund, highlighted the key elements of successful AIDS programmes in the region, among them "systems, not project-based interventions," the meaningful engagement of communities and their ownership of the HIV response and removing human rights barriers.
"Increasing public funding of HIV services through social contracting mechanisms, which was a rare case a few years ago, has now become an important component of a systemic response to the HIV epidemic in many countries of the region," said Andriy Klepikov, the Executive Director of the Alliance for Public Health. He noted that over the past three years public funding of HIV services through social contracting mechanisms in the region amounted to more than US$ 30 million. "This is one of the most important achievements of the joint efforts of community organizations and governments in the region."
However, as the participants noted, to sustain this success an appropriate legal framework, the support of governments and the strengthening of initiatives made by communities are needed.
Several cities across the region have produced impressive results due to the leadership of local governments that have not only taken responsibility for developing and funding municipal AIDS programmes, including services for key populations, but also through the involvement of community organizations in their implementation.
Thus, systematic work by the city government in close cooperation with community organizations saw Odesa, Ukraine, achieve the 90-90-90 targets. "Odesa has managed to change the strategy for HIV testing and treatment. Our experience has already received recognition from the international community. And we are ready to share our best practices and successes," said Gennadiy Trukhanov, the Mayor of the city.
The experience of the Republic of Moldova was presented by Fadei Nagachevsk, the Vice-Mayor of Chisinau, and Ruslan Poverga, from Initiative Positiva, who demonstrated the importance of close interactions between city governments and community organizations to ensure the accessibility of services for key populations. Mr Poverga also noted that the integration of peer consultants and social workers in public institutions helps to ensure the sustainability of services.
The best practices of municipal responses to the HIV and COVID-19 epidemics of Kyiv, Ukraine, Osh, Kyrgyzstan, Podgorica, Montenegro, Kragujevac, Serbia, Bern, Switzerland, Prague, Czechia, and Istanbul, Turkey, were also presented.
According to Sergiy Dmitriev, an international expert on public health, civil society organizations have also played a leading role in reducing the prices of antiretroviral medicines by monitoring the procurement cycle and budget and attracting generic suppliers. The price of an annual course of first-line antiretroviral therapy has decreased to US$ 131-the average cost of first-line antiretroviral therapy in nine countries in the region was US$ 192 in 2017. Most of the savings on purchases, about US$ 119 million, remained within AIDS programmes.
Another critical area where community organizations have been playing an increasingly important role in the region is community-led monitoring of human rights violations. The results of work on the REAct system (a human rights violation monitoring system) were presented: during 2020 and 2021, more than 6000 cases of human rights violations and cases of stigma and discrimination were registered in seven countries.
Among the most frequent offences in the region are violence by law enforcement officials, denial of access to medical services, disclosure of medical data and stigma in health-care settings, as well as physical violence against women by their partners and relatives. Based on an analysis of all cases, civil society organizations, together with lawyers and governmental partners, developed recommendations for countries that will form the basis for further advocacy.
"Community-led organizations have become leaders in providing people-centred, human rights-based HIV services in the majority of countries in eastern Europe and central Asia," said Alexander Goliusov, Director, a.i., UNAIDS Regional Support Team for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. "Their meaningful engagement in decision-making processes and financial sustainability provided by government funding are the key for an effective response to HIV and COVID-19 and for future pandemics."
The forum video is available: in Russian and English
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCVqVUKAJmo
https://www.facebook.com/AlliancePublicHealth/videos/4581620981957116
