A King Air's nose landing gear became jammed during retraction after take-off when a fatigue crack in the steering link fractured, necessitating a wheels-up landing, an ATSB investigation found.
On 13 May 2024, the Beechcraft King Air B200 had departed Williamtown Airport, Newcastle on a charter flight to Lord Howe Island via Port Macquarie, with a pilot and two passengers onboard.
As the pilot retracted the landing gear during the initial climb, mechanical crunching noises were heard, and the pilot saw that the red indicator lights on the landing gear control handle remained illuminated. An air traffic controller subsequently visually confirmed that the nose landing gear was only partially retracted.
"Unable to extend the gear following emergency extension procedures the pilot held for approximately four hours to burn fuel, before conducting a wheels-up landing at Williamtown with emergency services standing by," ATSB Director Transport Safety Stuart Macleod said.
The aircraft sustained minor damage in the landing, but the pilot and passengers were uninjured.
"Detailed examination of the steering link at the ATSB's technical facilities in Canberra, including with the use of a scanning electron microscope, identified a pre-existing fatigue crack on the fracture surface, which had initiated from a surface flaw," Mr Macleod explained.
"When the steering link fractured, either during take-off or the gear retraction sequence, the nose wheel was able to rotate beyond its normal operational limits, and a significant left rotation led the nose gear shimmy damper to become jammed against a door hinge within the nose wheel well."
During the course of the investigation, the aircraft manufacturer advised the ATSB that it was not aware of other instances of this specific malfunction, and nor did a review of the ATSB database identify any similar previous occurrences involving Kings Airs.
"Nonetheless, King Air B200 operators and maintainers should be aware that while scheduled maintenance inspections require general inspection of the nose wheel steering parts, they do not call for a detailed inspection for cracks - such as the one which precipitated this failure," Mr Macleod said.
The incident highlights the value of aircraft system knowledge, and resource management in resolving malfunctions and in-flight emergencies, Mr Macleod observed.
"The pilot managed fuel considerations to reduce the risk of fire, engaged company personnel and air traffic control for assistance, liaised with emergency services and prepared the passengers for the wheels-up landing, minimising the risk of injury and ensuring the evacuation was conducted safely."
You can find here the report: Wheels-up landing involving B200 King Air, VH-XDV, at Williamtown Airport, New South Wales, on 13 May 2024
