French President Emmanuel Macron has vowed to maintain a substantial police presence in New Caledonia to curb ongoing violent riots sparked by his electoral reforms, a move seen by many Kanaks as an attempt to dilute their political power..
Arriving in the troubled French Pacific territory, Macron underscored that the 3,000-strong force dispatched from France would remain deployed for as long as needed, potentially even through the upcoming Paris Summer Olympics.
The violence, which erupted over a week ago, has claimed six lives, including two police officers, and left hundreds injured. The unrest began in response to a proposed amendment allowing French residents who have lived in New Caledonia for at least a decade to vote in local elections. Indigenous Kanaks, who make up around 40% of the population, argue that this change would dilute their political influence, exacerbating long-standing tensions with the French government.
In Nouméa, Macron stressed the importance of restoring police control and security swiftly as "our top priority," he stated.
He announced that massive new operations would be launched to restore order, given the extensive damage caused by the riots, which have seen shops looted and cars and businesses set ablaze.
Underlying Political Tensions
The contentious electoral reform aims to extend voting rights to more French residents, a move the Paris government claims will enhance democratic participation. However, Kanak leaders fear it will undermine their voting power and diminish the chances of achieving independence in future referendums. Some local leaders are advocating for a suspension of the reform to allow for broader discussions on the territory's future.
The 1998 Nouméa Accord, which ended a decade of violence by establishing a path to increased autonomy, included a provision to freeze electoral rolls to protect Kanak representation. The accord's expiration in 2021, coupled with a Kanak-led boycott of an independence referendum during the COVID-19 pandemic, has created a political deadlock.
Macron's Engagement and Future Dialogue
During his visit, Macron surveyed areas ravaged by arson from a helicopter and met with local mayors from the hardest-hit suburbs. Describing the riots as an unprecedented insurrection with unforeseeable levels of violence, Macron confirmed that more security forces would be sent to the island.
In a discussion with local youths, Macron indicated no intention of retracting the electoral reform, comparing the situation to voting rights in mainland France.
"We're a funny country. In France, foreigners can vote in local elections. But people that have been here more than 10 years are told, 'you cannot vote'," he said.
Economic Challenges and Social Disparities
New Caledonia, a key global producer of nickel, faces significant economic challenges, with stark inequalities and a struggling mining sector. One in five residents lives below the poverty line.
As New Caledonia faces this period of turmoil, finding a balance between restoring order and addressing long-standing issues of representation and independence will be crucial for the territory's future stability.
