Today's 3D printers make it fairly easy to conjure, say, a chess set into existence. But these printers are largely fixed in place. So if someone wants to add 3D-printed elements to a room - a footrest beneath a desk, for instance - the project gets more difficult. A space must be measured. The objects must then get scaled, printed elsewhere and fixed in the right spot. Handheld 3D printers exist, but they lack accuracy and come with a learning curve.
University of Washington researchers created MobiPrint, a mobile 3D printer that can automatically measure a room and print objects onto its floor. The team's graphic interface lets users design objects for a space that the robot has mapped out. The prototype, which the team built on a modified consumer vacuum robot, can add accessibility features, home customizations or artistic flourishes to a space.
The team presented its work Tuesday, Oct. 15, at the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology in Pittsburgh.
"Digital fabrication, like 3D printing, is pretty mature at this point," said Daniel Campos Zamora, a doctoral student in the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering. "Now we're asking: How can we push it further and further into the world, and lower the barriers for people to use it? How can we change the built environment and tailor spaces for peoples' specific needs - for accessibility, for taste?"
The prototype system can add accessibility features, such as tactile markers for blind and low-vision people. These might provide information, such as text telling conference attendees where to go, or warn of dangers such as staircases. Or it can create a ramp to cover an uneven flooring transition. MobiPrint also allows users to create custom objects, such as small art pieces up to three inches tall.
Before printing an object, MobiPrint autonomously roams an indoor space and uses LiDAR to map it. The team's design tool then converts this map into an interactive canvas. The user then can select a model from the MobiPrint library - a cat food bowl, for instance - or upload a design. Next, the user picks a location on the map to print the object, working with the design interface to scale and position the job. Finally, the robot moves to the location and prints the object directly onto the floor.
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