The outcome
The Sequence Digital project team found there is great potential to reuse discarded lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells in applications with less demanding energy needs.
Their battery management system (BMS) prototype proved able to manage and monitor individual cells from different manufacturers with varying capacities. It enabled each cell to operate optimally within its own charge and discharge limits. A system for reuse of cells is possible, provided precautions are taken.
The project team also investigated regulatory requirements for products in Australia containing Li-ion. They identified potential pathways for the safe and compliant reuse of Li-ion cells.
The need
According to the CSIRO, 'Only 10% of Australia's lithium-ion battery waste was recycled in 2021, compared with 99% of lead acid battery waste. Lithium-ion battery waste is growing by 20% per year and could exceed 136,000 tonnes by 2036'.
Electronic waste (e-waste) is fast becoming one of Australia's largest waste streams. Li-ion battery waste poses growing environmental and logistical challenges. These batteries are in:
- smart phones
- electric vehicles
- a huge range of appliances.
Discarded batteries pose risks of:
- contamination
- fire hazards
- resource wastage.
Often, they are discarded with cells that are still usable. There is a need to extend their life through re-use and building the capability to recycle them at the end of their useable life.
