Cold water swimming has increased in popularity in recent years, with risks and benefits increasingly well documented. Now a first-of-its-kind study has focused specifically on the safety of the pastime during pregnancy - and is taking steps to fill the gap in evidence.
Led by the University of Plymouth, the research aimed to answer questions related to the impact of water temperature on the mother and fetal development, as well as whether water quality could impact the baby.
Comprising a group of cold water and exercise physiologists, and specialists in fertility, obstetrics, neonatology, midwifery, water epidemiology and public health, the research team set about finding evidence from existing studies to answer questions that women had asked.
They found just six published studies worldwide relating to pregnant people and cold water swimming and of that number, no study had taken place in a large enough group to offer significant insight, with the studies highlighting large gaps in knowledge.
Expert recommendations
The new research, published in the journal Lifestyle Medicine, contains a list of expert-led recommendations for pregnant people, based on the expertise of the authors involved.
This includes advice to only swim in cold water during pregnancy if a person is a regular cold water swimmer before pregnancy; do not swim alone; and avoid cold water swimming altogether if blood pressure is raised or very low. The authors highlight that these are informed, consensus-led expert opinions in the absence of specific studies, and underline the need for further research.
"I felt guilty and irresponsible"
Carmel Lawless, who lives in Plymouth, enjoyed cold water swimming, and planned to continue the pastime when she became pregnant in 2022. However, the lack of research meant she felt guilt every time she went - so she welcomes the new study and future plans.
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