Rachael Campbell, Dairy Industry Development Officer
Stock deaths occur periodically and farm managers are responsible for carcass disposal. Methods of disposal include knackery, rendering services or suitably licensed landfills. If these are not available, alternative biosecure options for use on-farm may include composting or burial.
If on-farm disposal is to be used, then forward planning with appropriate siting, infrastructure and management is critical to minimise any biosecurity, environmental or other risks.
Burying carcasses on the farm may be the most appropriate option, depending on the circumstances.
Stringent guidelines apply to appropriate burial sites, so they don't adversely affect the land, surface or ground waters or the air.
Detailed information on setback distances and other requirements can be found in the Victorian Environment Protection Authority (EPA) document Farm waste management.
The other on-farm option is composting of carcasses. In line with EPA guidance, when the average number of mortalities doesn't exceed one tonne per month, then a composting pile is appropriate.
When mortalities exceed this threshold, bin composting should be considered. Bin composting requires more dedicated infrastructure.
Detailed information on pile and bin composting can be found in the EPA's Composting mortalities on farm guidance.
It's important to realise composting is an active process, not a set-and-forget method. Failing to monitor and follow established composting techniques will result in an increased risk of harm to the land or the environment and a substandard final product.
Agriculture Victoria can provide guidance to farmers about on-farm disposal options in consultation with the EPA.
