An international team of scientists have produced new recommendations to help ensure a more sustainable future for UK fisheries in the post-Brexit era.
Researchers hope the guidance will help policy makers achieve the objectives of the Fisheries Act
Despite many representatives of the UK fishing industry being disappointed with the Brexit deal on fisheries, new UK fisheries legislation provides the opportunity to dramatically improve its future sustainability.
A research team, including the Universities of York, Southampton, Lincoln, Exeter, Dalhousie, and the New Economics Foundation, provided international perspectives in natural resource management, fisheries, marine conservation, law and economics, and made a series of recommendations to the Government for more sustainable management of marine fisheries.
The scientists hope their advice will help policy makers achieve the objectives of the Fisheries Act - domestic legislation that replaced the Common Fisheries Policy when the UK exited the EU.
Resilience
They argue that fishing pressure should allow stocks to reach levels that are 120 percent of that needed to maintain maximum sustainable yields, providing resilience in the face of climate change. Prey fish, on which commercial and other species depend for food, should also be better protected.
Their report also states that exploitation of fisheries should be considered more holistically within the wider context of marine resource management, considering, for example, the effects of fishing on stocks of marine carbon, and development of a diverse, low emission and modern fishing fleet. Overall fishing capacity should be reduced to allow overexploited populations to recover.
Ownership
Dr Bryce Stewart, from the University of York's Department of Environment and Geography, said: "Recent research has shown that the UK fishing industry generally has limited trust in management and scientific bodies. This will have been further eroded by disappointment over the Brexit fisheries deal.
"When there is strong collaboration across different sectors in fisheries, however, it improves both our knowledge of fish stocks and the effectiveness of management measures.
"This gives the fishing industry a sense of ownership and trust in management and reduces the need and cost of enforcing regulations."
Protection
The researchers say that existing and future Marine Protected Areas should be adequately protected to promote the regeneration of degraded habitats and restoration of fish stocks by setting clearer targets for enforcement. The fleet should be supported by the use of best available technologies, including Remote Electronic Monitoring.
In addition to the fishing industry, the Government should work in close partnership with the fisheries and the marine conservation science community and seek to regenerate degraded marine ecosystems, on which sustainable fisheries depend. This may mean people reconsidering the amount and kind of fish they eat and how they are caught.
Despite some recent recovery of some stocks on which UK fishers depend, several remain in a precarious state according to the European Environment Agency.
Industry viability
Professor Paul Kemp, lead researcher from the University of Southampton, said,: "In total, we provide eight recommendations that, if acted on, could enhance the viability of the industry while simultaneously protecting fish stocks that have suffered a long historic legacy of overfishing.
"This would require strong leadership and collaboration between England and the devolved nations, and for the public to better support UK fishermen and the wider marine resource by reviewing their purchasing habits and selecting more sustainable products, with shorter supply chains, caught by the least damaging methods."
One of the key recommendations of the report is to improve collaboration and partnership working between the fishing industry, scientists, the government, conservationists and businesses.
The results of the study, published in two papers in the journal, Marine Policy, have been shared with DEFRA and members of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Fisheries for consideration ahead of the publication of the Joint Fisheries Statement.
