I will make three points. First, the UK supports regional organisations playing a role in upholding peace and security in their regions. This includes regional peacekeeping partnerships that reflect the UN's common values and principles, including respect for human rights. For example, the EU's Operation Althea and the OSCE's operation in Bosnia has helped facilitate the implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement. The OSCE is undertaking important work on a wide array of security issues in Central Asia and the South Caucasus.
Second, to carry out this role effectively, regional organisations need to be responsive to the needs of their members, and act in line with the UN Charter. To the extent that the these organizations are willing to do this, they can play a constructive role in their regions. All States have a sovereign right to choose their own security partnerships, including military alliances. Participation cannot be coerced. "Collective security" does not mean a sphere of influence, and "cooperation" does not require subjugation of sovereignty. Russia's aggression against Georgia in 2008, and against Ukraine in 2014 and 2022, undermines the role of regional organisations in the neighbourhood, particularly the CSTO. Georgia and Ukraine withdrew from CIS due to this violation of their sovereignty.
Third, the UK warmly welcomes the Central Asian region's strong engagement with the UN, underlined by the Secretary-General's regional tour this month, and the work of UN bodies such as UNDP and UNOCT in the region. We look forward to next week's consultations on UNRCCA, which makes a valuable contribution to security in the region, including counter-terrorism, and women, peace and security. The UK also values our own relations with the Central Asian states. Earlier this year, we launched a regional climate programme that will help improve Central Asia's climate resilience by strengthening regional cooperation on water and energy. And we look forward to COP 29 in Azerbaijan. There are no binary choices in partnerships - the UK is ready to work with regional partners across the globe to build stability and security, promote growth and tackle global challenges.
