Wearing quality helmets reduces the risk of death for drivers and passengers of powered two- and three-wheelers by over six times and reduces the risk of brain injury by up to 74%. UN regulation No. 22 has provided countries with the blueprint to legislate the use of tested and certified helmets for over 50 years. Already applied in 43 countries, millions of lives could be saved through the worldwide application of this standard.
As governments and stakeholders come together for the 4th Ministerial Conference on Road Safety in Marrakech on 18-20 February, UNECE and the UN Secretary-General's Special Envoy for Road Safety, Jean Todt, are launching a call for widespread enforcement of UN Regulation 22.
"Wearing a helmet that meets the UN standard is a game changer", stressed UN Secretary-General's Special Envoy for Road Safety Jean Todt. "Countries must address any remaining legislative gaps to make helmet use compulsory, and ensure that affordable safe helmets are available to all. Together with political will and partnerships like the safe and affordable helmets initiative we have shown this can be done. Now we need action at scale."
"Millions of households around the world depend on two- and three-wheelers, but do not have access to safe and affordable helmets. The human cost caused by this situation, not to mention the huge economic impact of deaths and injuries, is unacceptable. It is the collective responsibility of regulators, governments and manufacturers to ensure that helmets meeting the safety standards of UN certification are available and to convince riders to use them. This is a matter of justice and equity - no one should be left behind when it comes to road safety," said Tatiana Molcean, UNECE Executive Secretary.
Rise in 2-3 wheelers calls for urgent safety action
Two- and three-wheeler use has grown rapidly as many low-and -middle-income countries have motorized over the last 20-30 years. Motorcycles comprise nearly 70% of the national vehicle fleet in countries like India, Indonesia, the Philippines and China. However, the lack of a widespread, systematic approach to ensuring safety has led to a huge increase in deaths and injuries.
According to the 2023 Global Road Safety report of the World Health Organization, motorcyclists and other powered two- and three-wheeler riders represent 30% - a staggering 357,000 deaths - of the 1.19 million global road traffic deaths every year. This marks a 25% increase in the number of victims since 2013, with head injuries being the main cause of death in most motorcycle crashes. Non-use of helmets among motorcyclists across some 40 countries was reported at 20% for drivers and 30% for passengers.
In Malaysia, nearly 65% of road crash victims are motorcycle riders, while in the European Union, which has the lowest death rate compared to any country worldwide at 4.6/100,000, users of powered two-wheelers (motorbikes and mopeds) accounted for only 19% (3,876) of the deaths on the road in 2023.
Safe helmets need further enforcement
Since the entry into force of UN regulation No. 22, 43 countries have applied it, including:
- Belgium in 1972
- Netherlands in 1972
- Sweden in 1973
- Spain in 1976
- Italy in 1977
- Finland in 1977
- Switzerland in 1982
- Russian Federation in 1986
- New Zealand in 2002
And most recently in;
- Pakistan in 2020
- Malaysia, the Philippines and Uganda in 2023
But with the rapid increase of two- and three-wheeler use, application in many more countries around the world could significantly reduce risks.
The Special Envoy's Safe and Affordable Helmets Initiative
The cost of UN-certified helmets can be a barrier to mass use in many countries. In other markets, the proliferation of helmets which do not comply with UN Regulation 22 offers a false sense of protection to riders and passengers, as highlighted in the White Paper of the Global Alliance of NGOs for Road Safety released last week.
In order to make safe helmets available to many more road users in developing countries, Special Envoy Jean Todt launched the Safe and Affordable Helmets Initiative in 2020. The Initiative promotes safe helmet use and the development and mass production of UN-certified helmets in developing countries themselves.
As a result, producers in India, Indonesia, Spain, and South Korea have already started manufacturing UN-certified helmets for retail at around $20, and more than 40,000 helmets financed by partners of the initiative were distributed in some 17 countries in Africa, Latin America and South-East Asia. In addition, Rwanda, through a project financed by the UN Road Safety Fund, set up a helmet testing facility in December 2024 and align its national standard and certification scheme with UN Regulation N°22. The aim is to build the foundations for a vibrant, scalable helmet manufacturing industry to produce a consistent supply of safe and affordable helmets that would be available across Africa.
