Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel) is a perennial herbaceous vegetable with medicinal qualities. Unfortunately, Chinese chive crops are severely damaged by the soil insect Bradysia cellarum Frey. B. cellarum are mainly found in the surface soil to a depth of 5 cm. Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Investigator Youjun Zhang and his team showed that thermal treatment of B. cellarum adults, eggs, larvae, and pupae at 40 °C for 3 h gave mortalities of 100%, 100%, 100% and 81%, respectively, and the fecundity of B. cellarum significantly decreased with increasing temperature and exposure time, completely inhibiting egg-laying at 37 °C for 2 h. These data suggested that B. cellarum is quite sensitive to elevated temperatures. As long as soil temperature to 5 cm depth is increased and remained over 40 oC for 4 h, the mortality rate of B. cellarum will be 100%. Therefore, his team has been studying how to improve soil temperature but no destory the ecological environment.
Youjun Zhang and his team had invented to apply the light blue anti-dropping film of 0.10 or 0.12 mm thickness would be thoroughly to kill B. cellarum under a sufficient intensity of sunlight (e.g., between late April and mid-September in Beijing, China). The method was called soil solarization. However, it is not known whether soil solarization affects soil microbial diversity. If soil solarization can kill B. cellarum and also avoid affecting Chinese chive growth and the soil microbial ecological balance, it will be an environmentally friendly control technology.
In this study, Youjun Zhang and his team show that on the first day after soil solarization 100% control of B. cellarum was achieved. Growth of Chinese chive was lower in solarized plots than in control plots over the first 10 d after treatment, but 20 d after treatment plants in the solarized had recovered and leaf height and yield were equivalent among the treatments. Moreover, the soil microbial community diversity in the treatment group decreased initially before gradually recovering. In addition, the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the genus Bacillus and the phyla Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes increased significantly.
Soil solarization is a promising strategy to control B. cellarum. It is simple to implement, pesticide-free and non-destructive to soil microbial diversity, and it may also promote the abundance of beneficial microorganisms. Soil solarization is practical and worth promoting as a new method of control of B. cellarum infestations in Chinese chive-growing regions.
This study has been published on the Journal of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering in 2022.
Original article
Caihua SHI, Linlin SHI, Qingjun WU, Shaoli WANG, Baoyun XU, Youjun ZHANG. EFFECT OF SOLARIZATION TO KILL BRADYSIA CELLARUM ON CHINESE CHIVE GROWTH AND SOIL MICROBIAL DIVERSITY. Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering, 2022, 9(1): 52‒62 https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402
